The New Grind

march 2007

The New Grind

Artisanal bread, hand-crafted cheese, heirloom tomatoes . . . specialty salts. At first, it seems like just so much food snobbery. After all, how different can one salt be from another, right? A lot, actually. Gourmet salts are not a marketing ploy. A good salt will release and balance the flavors of the other ingredients in a dish.

Regional salts show as much individuality as their culinary peer, pepper. The same way you might choose green pepper instead of black for pepper steak, you can pick a salt to match your recipe.

The shape of the salt crystal has a lot to do with it. The appeal of flaked salts, such as kosher salt, is in their large surface area and their ability to melt in the mouth. One of the most interesting salts available is Cyprus flake. The crystals of this white Mediterranean product are large, hollow pyramids. They play the taste buds with amazing complexity. The flavor is bold, yet clean, eliciting a meatiness that fades at the sides of the tongue into faint sweetness.

Gourmet salts retain the unique mineral profiles of their sources, which also contribute to their flavor. Elemental minerals such as iodine, magnesium and chromium residing in natural sea salts react differently on the tongue and palate, exciting taste buds in different ways.

Most artisanal salts are evaporated in small batches at seaside and bring with them a refreshing flavor that smacks of ocean air. Use them as you would free-running table salt, but go easy. While not as harsh as standard salt, they are stronger.

The best way to enjoy these salts is freshly ground. Store them in airtight containers away from moisture and grind only as much as you need. A simple pepper grinder works well, but use one with a ceramic gear instead of a metal one. (Target Stores have clear plastic grinders with ceramic gears for around $10.) If using a mortar and pestle, make sure it’s glass or stone.

  • Fleur de sel. The “flower of salt” from northern France has a flavor bolder and more complex than refined table salt. It fills the mouth with a burst, then fades to sweetness toward the back of the tongue.
  • Pink salt. A recent star in the specialty salt category, pink salt plays across the palate without harshness. Its color comes from iron and dozens of other trace elements. Several popular pink salts include Peruvian pink, with an almost meaty-sweet flavor to Himalayan salt, which has a milder flavor.
  • Hawaiian. This volcanic salt ranges in color from rose to blood red. It has long-lasting flavor that carries a hint of apple.
  • Kosher salt. This is something of a misnomer because all salt is kosher. “Koshering” salt would be a more accurate name. The fluffy flakes are highly absorbent, making them perfect for koshering meat. That fluffiness also gives kosher salt a simple, but expressive taste that enhances rather than overpowers other flavors.

Sage Brown Butter with Dried Cherries

This recipe from the American Dairy Farmers is equally good with or without dried cherries. Use it on bread, potatoes, vegetables, meats or broiled fish.

Ingredients
1 cup unsalted butter, softened, divided
1/2 cup finely chopped onion
1 garlic clove, minced
2 tablespoons chopped fresh sage
1 teaspoon sea salt
1 teaspoon coarsely ground pepper
1/4 cup chopped dried cherries

Instructions
1. In a medium skillet, melt 1/2 cup butter over medium heat. When butter begins to foam, add onion and garlic; cook until butter turns a nut brown color. Remove from heat and stir in sage, salt and pepper. Cool completely.
2. Place remaining butter in a medium mixing bowl and beat with a mixer until light and fluffy. Scrape downs sides of bowl.
3. Add brown butter mixture and beat to combine, scraping down sides of bowl. Stir in cherries.
4. Scrape into a small bowl, crock or butter mold and cover tightly or shape into a long roll in waxed paper for storing and slicing as needed. Yield: 1 1/2 cups.

"Relish a New Ingredient," March 2007.



Nutritional Information
Per teaspoon: 30 calories, 3g fat, 0g prot., 1g carbs., 0g fiber, 40mg sodium.

Onion Focaccia

Ingredients
4 1/2 cups all-purpose flour, divided
1/2 cup grated Parmesan cheese
1 teaspoon kosher salt
1 teaspoon crushed dried rosemary
1 (.25-ounce) package quick-rise yeast
1 1/2 cups warm water (120F to 130F)
3 tablespoons olive oil, divided
Cooking spray
Cornmeal
3 leeks
8 green onions, trimmed
Coarsely ground fleur de sel

Instructions
1. Combine 3 ½ cups flour, cheese, kosher salt, rosemary and yeast in a food processor. Pulse to blend. With processor on, slowly add water and 2 tablespoons oil and process until dough forms a ball.
2. Turn out onto a lightly floured surface; knead 5 minutes or until smooth and elastic, adding additional flour as necessary.
3. Place dough in a large bowl coated with cooking spray. Turn dough to coat top. Cover and let rise in a warm place 1 hour.
4. Punch down dough; turn out onto a lightly floured surface. Divide into 2 pieces, shaping each into a 12-inch circle. Place on two large baking sheets coated with cooking spray and dusted with cornmeal. Cover and let rise 40 minutes or until doubled in bulk.
5. Preheat oven to 450F.
6. Uncover dough. Gently brush with remaining olive oil. Make indentations in top using the handle of a wood spoon or your fingertips.
7. Remove roots, outer leaves and tops from leeks. Rinse with cold water; cut into rounds. Arrange leeks and green onions over top of dough. Sprinkle with fleur de sel.
8. Bake 20 minutes or until golden. Cool on wire racks. Serves 12.

"Relish a New Ingredient," March 2007.


Nutritional Information
Per serving: 210 calories, 4g fat, 7g prot., 37g carbs., 2g fiber, 320mg sodium.

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